This chapter begins a genealogical record. It also records the location of ancient people groups.
While these places may be located in the same area as the Assyria mentioned later in Scripture, they are not the same kingdom.
This is an unusual phrase meaning "were sons of." (See: /WA-Catalog/en_tm?section=jit#figs-activepassive)
"This is the account of Noah's sons." This sentence introduces the account of Noah's descendants in Genesis 10:1-11:9.
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"Javan's sons and descendants separated and moved to the coastlands and islands"
This refers to people who lived along the coast and on the islands.
"their homelands." These are the places that the people moved to and lived in.
"Each people group spoke its own language" or "The people groups divided themselves according to their languages"
Mizraim is the Hebrew name for "Egypt."
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Possible meanings are 1) "mighty warrior" or 2) "mighty man" or 3) "powerful ruler."
Possible meanings are 1) "in Yahweh's sight" or 2) "with Yahweh's help"
This introduces a proverb. Your language may introduce proverbs and sayings in a different way. Alternate translation: "This is the reason people say" (See: /WA-Catalog/en_tm?section=jit#writing-proverbs)
Possible meanings are 1) the first centers he developed or 2) the important cities.
"Nimrod went into Assyria"
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The list of Noah's descendants continues.
Mizraim was one of Ham's sons. His descendants became the people of Egypt. Mizraim is the Hebrew name for Egypt.
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These names refer to larger groups of people that descended from Canaan.
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line between one person's land and another person's land
The direction south can be stated explicitly if needed. Alternate translation: "from Sidon city in the north as far south as Gaza town, which is near Gerar" (See: /WA-Catalog/en_tm?section=jit#figs-explicit)
The direction "east" or "inland" can be stated explicitly if needed. Alternate translation: "then east toward Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboyim towns, as far as Lasha" (See: /WA-Catalog/en_tm?section=jit#figs-explicit)
The word "these" refers to the people and people groups who were listed in verses Genesis 6-19.
"broken up according to their different languages"
"in their homelands"
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Arphaxad was one of Shem's sons.
Translators may add a footnote note that says: "The name Peleg means 'division.'"
This can be made active. Alternate translation: "the people of the earth divided themselves" or "the people of the earth separated from one another" or "God divided the people of the earth" (See: /WA-Catalog/en_tm?section=jit#figs-activepassive)
Joktan was one of Eber's sons. (See: /WA-Catalog/en_tm?section=jit#translate-names)
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"These" here refers to the sons of Joktan.
"The land they controlled" or "The land they lived in"
The word "these" refers to the descendants of Shem (Genesis 10:21-29).
This refers back to all the people listed in Genesis 10:1-31.
"listed by"
"From these clans the nations divided and spread over the earth" or "These clans divided from each other and formed the nations of the earth"
This can be stated clearly or more explicitly. Alternate translation: "after the flood destroyed the earth" (See: /WA-Catalog/en_tm?section=jit#figs-explicit)